Pilot Scale Water & Wastewater Treatment Lab
The Pilot Scale Water & Wastewater Treatment Lab at the US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water (USPCAS-W), Mehran University of Engineering & Technology (MUET), Jamshoro, is highly sophisticated and boasts a comprehensive inventory of exactly 44 distinct pieces of equipment and specialized tools. This extensive setup includes advanced analytical instrumentation like the Flue Gas Analyzer, Total Nitrogen Analyzer, Infrared $CO_2$ analyzer, Laser Scattering Particle Size Analyzer, and a high-tech Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope for Multi-User. For experimental and processing purposes, the lab features highly specialized reactors and systems such as the Anaerobic Reactor, Electro Spinning System, Biofilm Annular Reactor, and a Lab MBR for wastewater treatment, alongside standard laboratory essentials like autoclaves, multi-functional peristaltic pumps, vacuum filtration sets, platform shakers, and precise engineering consumables like ultrafiltration discs and specialized tubing. Having a total of 44 dedicated items ensures that researchers and students have access to a complete, self-sustaining ecosystem capable of conducting cutting-edge water purification and environmental engineering research at a true pilot scale.
| Major Equipment present in the Labs | ||
| S.No | Name of Equipment | |
| 1 | Flue Gas Analyzer | |
| 2 | Total Nitrogen Analyzer | |
| 3 | Chemical peristaltic pump | |
| 4 | Peristaltic pump (Water and sediment sampling) Operate from 60 to 600 RPM, Up to 1 liter/min. Operate to a depth of 27 feet (8 meters) |
|
| 5 | Peristaltic pump with head Variable-speed consol drive, flow range=0- 1700 mL/min, easy load Pump head |
|
| 6 | Small RO Unit (mobile cabinet) | |
| 7 | Anaerobic Reactor | |
| 8 | Electro Spinning System | |
| 9 | Biofilm Annular Reactor | |
| 10 | Autoclave | |
| 11 | Auto Clave Vertical Loading. | |
| 12 | Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope for Multi-User | |
| 13 | Bipotentio-Stat | |
| 14 | Lab MBR for wastewater Treatment | |
| 15 | Stirred Cell for filtration tests, 200 mL | |
| 16 | Dispensing pressure vessel for filtration | |
| 17 | Pressure gauge | |
| 18 | Digital Pressure gauge | |
| 19 | Infrared CO2 analyzer: | |
| 20 | Ultrasonic processor with thumb pulse | |
| 21 | SYRINGE, INFUSION/WITHDRAWAL PUMP, 220 V | |
| 22 | Glass syringes and needls to be used with item # 21. | |
| 23 | Air Sampling pump | |
| 24 | Laser Scattering Particle Size Analyzer | |
| 25 | Solid phase extraction manifold 24 ports | |
| 26 | Membrane module | |
| 27 | Vacuum filtration set | |
| 28 | Float switches, Water Level sensor | |
| 29 | Sanitory Silicone tubing | |
| 30 | Air flow meter | |
| 31 | Laboratory scale diaphragm air pump: | |
| 32 | Overhead Stirrer with propeller | |
| 33 | Ultrasonic water bath | |
| 34 | Flask Platform Shaker (shaking incubator) | |
| 35 | Mechanical Timer | |
| 36 | HEPA Disposable Filter | |
| 37 | Thermoplastic elastomer tubing for pump | |
| 38 | SPE Bulk Packing, | |
| 39 | 6 cc Vac cartridge, | |
| 40 | Activated magnesium silicate | |
| 41 | Ultrafiltration Discs, | |
| 42 | Polypropylene Tubing | |
| 43 | Silicone tube (Platinum-cured) for pumps | |
| 44 | Urethane tubing | |
Safety Regulations
The laboratories are fully equipped with comprehensive health, safety, and security systems to ensure a safe working environment for students, faculty, and technical staff. Fire safety measures include firefighting cylinders, CO and CO₂ gas sensors, and sand buckets strategically placed throughout the laboratories. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as lab coats, gloves, safety goggles, face shields, and masks are readily available and mandatory during experimental work.
Access control and security are maintained through RFID card–based entry systems for authorized students, researchers, and staff, along with CCTV surveillance cameras installed to monitor laboratory activities and ensure compliance with safety protocols. Each laboratory is equipped with a fully stocked First Aid box, emergency internal exit doors, and clearly marked emergency evacuation routes.
To mitigate chemical exposure risks, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all chemicals are maintained and easily accessible. Dedicated safety showers (eye wash and body wash units) are installed for emergency decontamination. Proper ventilation systems, including exhaust fans and fume extraction units, are provided to control fumes, vapors, and odors during experimental procedures.
All analytical instruments are supported by uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, and selected critical instruments are additionally connected to backup generators to ensure uninterrupted operation and data integrity during power outages.
Laboratory safety regulations and standard operating procedures (SOPs) are prominently displayed on laboratory walls and at main entrances for easy reference by all users. Detailed SOPs for each water and wastewater quality testing parameter are available and strictly followed. Regular safety training sessions, mock drills, and orientation programs are conducted for students and staff to enhance awareness of emergency response, chemical handling, waste management, and laboratory best practices.
Furthermore, laboratories implement proper chemical storage practices, segregation of incompatible chemicals, clearly labeled storage cabinets, and biohazard and chemical waste segregation systems in accordance with EPA and SEPA guidelines. Routine equipment calibration, preventive maintenance, and safety inspections are performed and documented to ensure operational reliability and regulatory compliance.
Laboratory Safety Guidelines and Procedures
The Laboratories in the Environmental Engineering department of USPCASW, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, provide students with the best opportunity to gain practical knowledge. Students, Staff and Faculty should make themselves aware of the possible hazards present in the laboratory. Students must read and understand the information in this poster about laboratory safety and emergency procedures before the first laboratory session.
Students were advised to follow written and verbal safety instructions throughout the academic terms. Since additional instructions may be given at the beginning of laboratory sessions, all students must arrive at each session on time. Nevertheless, research and teaching workplaces (labs) are full of potential hazards that can cause serious injury and damage to the equipment. Working alone and unsupervised in laboratories is forbidden. With prior approval, at least two people should be present so that one can shut down equipment and call for help in the event of an emergency.
- It is expected that each student will work responsibly.
- Knowing the location of the fire extinguisher beside lab and knowing how to use them.
- Notifying teacher or faculty staff immediately after an injury, fire or explosion, or spill.
- Knowing the building evacuation points and locations of fire extinguisher and first aid kit box.
- It is always better to ask questions than risk harm to oneself and others or damage the equipment.
- The students and faculty's responsibility are to read safety and fire alarm posters and follow the instructions during an emergency.
- If students are not sure how to handle a particular situation, they should ask the Teaching Assistant or Instructor for advice.
General Guidelines on Personal and Laboratory Safety
Think Safety – Work Safely
A. General Laboratory Safety Rules
- Always read chemical labels and equipment instructions carefully before use.
- Never work alone in the laboratory under any circumstances.
- Unauthorized experiments are strictly prohibited.
- Maintain a clean, organized, and clutter-free workspace at all times.
- Do not take shortcuts; strictly follow laboratory rules and SOPs.
- Use only approved tools and equipment and operate them correctly.
- Eating, drinking, smoking, or chewing gum is strictly prohibited in the laboratory.
- Horseplay, running, or distracting behavior is not allowed.
- Report equipment malfunction or failure immediately to the lab assistant or supervisor.
- Immediately report unsafe conditions, such as damaged electrical cables or water leakage.
- Keep books, bags, and personal belongings away from instruments to prevent hazards.
- Do not operate any equipment unless trained and authorized by the lab supervisor.
- Never leave ongoing experiments unattended; if unavoidable, switch off ignition sources and secure the laboratory.
- Clean the work area thoroughly before leaving the laboratory.
B. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Requirements
All personnel must wear appropriate PPE before starting any laboratory activity:
- Safety goggles for eye protection
- Laboratory coat (must remain properly fastened)
- Chemical- and heat-resistant gloves
- Face shield (when required)
- Closed-toe shoes (no sandals or open footwear)
- Hair must be tied back
- Long sleeves rolled up
- Remove dangling jewelry
- Never touch or taste any chemical
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling chemicals or samples
C. Laboratory Access, Authorization, and Documentation
- Students working after 5:00 PM or on holidays must submit a request form and obtain approval from the Lab In-Charge.
- All users must record instrument usage (In/Out) in the logbook.
- Field equipment rental (internal or external projects) requires prior approval at least one week in advance.
- Project students must pay equipment rental and analytical charges as per the approved rate list available on the website.
- Before storing samples in refrigerators, students must label samples clearly and log them properly.
D. Chemical Handling and Experimental Safety
- Use a fume hood while working with volatile, flammable, or toxic chemicals.
- Never pour water into acid; always add acid slowly to water.
- Never smell chemicals directly or pipette by mouth.
- Never return unused chemicals to reagent bottles.
- Read the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before using or storing any chemical.
- Chemicals must be stored according to compatibility and hazard classification.
E. Waste Management and Disposal
- Clean all spills immediately and inform your advisor.
- Dispose of broken or damaged glassware in designated glass bins only.
- Do not use domestic glassware (e.g., drink bottles or jars) in the laboratory.
- Segregate waste properly:
- Broken glass bin (non-hazardous only)
- Contaminated waste bin (hazardous solids: glass, plastic, paper)
- Electronic waste (items with circuitry or batteries)
- Label all waste containers clearly with appropriate waste labels.
- Store waste in designated ventilated areas until collection.
- Handle waste only if trained and aware of associated hazards and PPE requirements.
- Acid-contaminated glassware must be rinsed in a fume hood before disposal.
F. Emergency and Security Measures
- Only RFID-authorized students are permitted access to laboratories.
- In case of emergency, use the internal emergency exit door located near the MS and PhD student sitting area (research fellow room).
- First Aid Box is available in each general laboratory.
- Fire extinguishers are installed in all laboratories.
- Emergency Fire Contact Number: 16
- Do not use mobile phones or attend calls while working in the laboratory.
- Never open doors while wearing gloves to avoid contamination.
- Safety shower include eye wash station are available in labs.